Biological Staining
Caused by mold, mildew and soils allowed to remain on surface for long periods of time.

Chloride Staining
Chlorides and nitrates which dry hard in stone, caused by water infiltration due to cracks and lack of impregnating sealers.

Cracked Tiles
Caused by poor installation or slab crack which has radiated through stone because a crack isolation system was not used.

Decomposition
Caused by neglect of stone, poor drainage, and lack of impregnating sealer.

Efflourescence
Caused by water entering the stone substrate and evaporating through the stone surface carrying the mineral/salts from soil, concrete, and installation mortar, and depositing on stone surface.

Etched Finish
Caused by efflorescence, run off from timber roofing, timber furniture, poor cleaning methods.

Failed Coatings
Incorrect coatings applied to stone by unqualified floor care technician.

Insoluable Salt Staining
Acid salt residue from poor cleaning practices, chloride staining from alkaline salts in installation mortar.

Lippage
Caused by poor stone installation from unskilled workers.

Mineral Staining
Caused by irrigation overspray, airborne soils, runoff from metallic roofs.

Rising Damp
Caused by design error where stone is made to interface soil and irrigated landscape.

Rusted
Caused by flooding or water leak below tiles or below slab.

Spalling
Caused by hydrostatic pressure forcing stone to delaminate where there are softer mud veins.

Tannin Staining
Stain caused by wetted timber run off, specifically teak, mahogany, cedar.

Tannin Staining (2)
See above.

Vandilum Staining
Caused by run off from copper roof, or copper gutter leaking.